CROWDSOURCING W SEKTORZE PUBLICZNYM – WYZWANIE BADAWCZE

Crowdsourcing w ujęciu ogólnym oznacza proces pozyskiwania wiedzy, pomysłów, inspiracji z tłumu. Narzędziem pomocniczym i swoistym medium jest tutaj Internet. W praktyce gospodarczej stał się mega trendem, który napędza innowacje, współpracę w dziedzinie badań naukowych, biznesu czy społeczeństwa. Sięga po niego coraz więcej organizacji, chociażby
z uwagi na potencjalną wartość biznesową. Dostrzega się powiązanie crowdsourcingu
z budowaniem przewagi konkurencyjnej, doskonaleniem procesów biznesowych, optymalizacją kosztów działalności organizacji czy modeli biznesowych. Pojęcia to wzbudza coraz większe zainteresowanie wśród badaczy. Jednakże, zgodnie z opinią wielu autorów, większość publikacji zorientowanych jest na jego wykorzystanie w organizacjach komercyjnych. W sposób niewystarczający zjawisko toanalizowane jest z punktu widzenia organizacji publicznych. Podkreśla się przy tym, że crowdsourcing w organizacjach publicznych jest aktualnym kierunkiem badań. Bowiem crowdsourcing postrzegany jest jako połączenie współpracy, agregacji, pracy zespołowej, konsensusu oraz kreatywności. Co ważne, organizacje publiczne zaczynają sięgać po tego typu rozwiązania. W artykule przybliżono ideę crowdsourcingu, dalej – przedstawiono przegląd dotychczasowych badań dotyczących crowdsourcinguw organizacjach publicznych oraz nakreślono możliwe kierunki dalszychbadań. Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie dotychczasowegodorobku teoretycznego oraz empirycznego nad crowdsourcingiem w organizacjach publicznych ze wskazaniem aktualnych wyzwań badawczych w tymobszarze. Dla realizacji tak skonstruowanego celu wykorzystano metodykę systematycznego przeglądu literatury. Na tej podstawie zaproponowano następujące wyzwania badawcze: ujednolicenie i uszczegółowienie konceptualizacji pojęcia, prowadzenie badań wielowymiarowych i holistycznych z uwzględnieniem roli pracownika i tłumu, wypracowanie sposobów pomiaru oraz ram koncepcyjnych warunków organizacyjnych.

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