Analytical model end plate bolted joint under bending moment and axial force load

In typical buildings with steel-concrete composite floors, joints are designed to transmit only hogging bending moment. In case of the large horizontal loads due to wind, earthquake or accidental events, sagging bending moments in the joint and not to neglect axial force can also occur. Additionally, large deformations of the structure cause tying and prying effects. The joints loaded in this way are changing their characteristics, and their strength for the bending moment is decreased.

In global analysis of the structures, the accurate knowledge of the characteristics of the joints allows for determine accurate internal forces in the structural elements. Procedures presented in literature and standards [1] allow for appointing of characteristics of the joint only for bending moment without taking into account axial loads.

In the paper, a mechanical model based on “component method” for evaluation of characteristics of the composite joint under bending and axial loads is presented. The influence of tying and prying actions on distribution of the internal forces in a joint is also analyzed. The procedure for calculation of the characteristics of the composite joint with bolted end-plate connection is elaborated too. 

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[1]     PN-EN 1993-1-8 Eurocode 3. Design of Steel Structures. Part 1-8: Design of joints. PKN 2005.

[2]     PN-EN 1994-1-1 Eurocode 4. Design of Composite Steel and Concrete Structures. Part 1-1: General rules for buildings. PKN 2008.

[3]     PN-EN 1992-1-1 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures – Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings. PKN 2008.

[4]     Byfield, MP, Paramasivam, S, “Issues in the migration of progressive collapse through the tying force method for steel framed buildings with simple connections” Steel and Composite Structures – Wang & Choi (eds). Taylor & Francis Group, pp. 267-271, London 2007.

[5]     Ahmed, B, Nethercot, DA, “Prediction of initial stiffness and available rotation capacity of major axis flush endplate connections”. Journal of Constructional Steel Research Vol. 41. No. 1 pp. 31-60, 1997.

[6]     Demonceau, JF, Jaspart, JP, Klinkhammer, R, Oerder, R, Weynand, K, Labory, F, Cajot, LG, “Recent developments on composite connections” Proc Int. Conference EUROSTEEL 2008, pp. 447-452, Graz, 2008.

[7]     Kozłowski A., Giżejowski M., Ślęczka L., Pisarek Z., Saleh B., "Experimental investigations of the joint behaviour - Robustness assessement of steel and steel-concrete composite frames", "Eurosteel 2011, 6th European Conference on Steel and Composite Structures, Budapest, Hungary, 31 August - 2 September 2011", 2011